Communication Protocols
The networks that talk inside your car
From the 1 Mbit/s CAN bus controlling your engine to the gigabit Automotive Ethernet backbone feeding your ADAS cameras — here's the complete map.
CAN
1986Controller Area Network — the backbone of in-vehicle communication.
- Layer
- Data
- Bitrate
- Up to 1
Read protocol
CAN-FD
2012CAN with Flexible Data-rate — 8× the payload, faster data phase.
- Layer
- Data
- Bitrate
- Up to 5
Read protocol
LIN
1999Local Interconnect Network — low-cost single-wire sub-bus.
- Layer
- ISO
- Bitrate
- Up to 19.2
Read protocol
FlexRay
2006Deterministic, high-speed bus for x-by-wire systems.
- Layer
- ISO
- Bitrate
- 10 Mbit/s per
Read protocol
Automotive Ethernet
2015100/1000BASE-T1 — gigabit backbone for ADAS and zonal architectures.
- Layer
- IEEE
- Bitrate
- 100 Mbit/s, 1
Read protocol
Ethernet (TCP/IP)
1980Standard IP networking for diagnostics, OTA and telematics.
- Layer
- IEEE
- Bitrate
- 100 Mbit/s –
Read protocol
MOST
2001Media Oriented Systems Transport — legacy infotainment ring.
- Layer
- MOST
- Bitrate
- 25 / 50
Read protocol
SAE J1939
1994Heavy-duty CAN application layer for trucks and buses.
- Layer
- Application
- Bitrate
- 250 / 500
Read protocol